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Testes e/ou Jogos de Memória
Teste para estudo da memória de curto prazo (operacional) quando a informação a ser processada é uma seqüência de itens, neste caso, uma seqüência de números. O programa (appelet) que permite a realização desse experimento foi desenvolvido pelo Department of Psychology at the University of Essex.
At the University of Amsterdam, they have developed some online tests (http://memory.uva.nl). Tehy also translated a test into Portuguese (http://memory.uva.nl/testpanel/gc/pt/index_html).
Perguntas de múltipla escolha sobre tema memória, você responde e o site fornece um retorno: se você acertar, recebe a confirmação, se errar, lhe é indicada a resposta correta. Perguntas e respostas em inglês.
Neste site são apresentados cinco testes e/ou jogos de memória. Além poder se submeter aos testes, o interessado poderá, tão-somente, inteirar-se de explicações sucintas acerca dos processos cognitivos subjacentes a cada teste. Muito interessante, o fato de estar em inglês não ajuda, mas vale a pena para conhecer um pouco mais sobre a memória humana e a estrutura de testes desse tipo.
Teste de memória visual. Infelizmente utiliza-se uma moeda americana; ficamos, portanto, em desvantagem, mas vale a pena conferir as explicações.
"The penny is everywhere: in your pocket, on the street, behind the couch cushions. We've been around them our entire lives, and used them in countless exchanges. So it won't be hard to recognize one, right? Of the 16 coins below, only one a genuine U.S. penny. How hard could it be? Find it!"
2o. Teste: The mnemonic device
"Welcome to the Mnemonicizer, the Mnemonic Device Device. A mnemonic device is a sentence that helps us to memorize a string of words. For example, music students use 'Every Good Boy Does Fine' to remember the order of notes on the treble clef. (E, G, B, D, F). Math students use 'Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally' to remember the order of arithmetic operations (Parentheses, Exponent, Multiply, Divide, Add, Subtract.). But the range of usefulness extends beyond music and math. They are an invaluable resource whenever you are trying to remember something."
Testes 3, 4 e 5
São realizados 3 experimentos em cada um dos testes, as explicações e comentários sobre a memória humana valem a pena.
3o. Teste: Human Memory Recall
"How does the mind store information? What kinds of memory do people have? How easy is it for you to remember certain things? In the following experiments, you can learn something about human minds. It's thought that humans have two major types of memory: short-term and long-term. Something in your short term memory might be what the website before this one looked like. Something in your long term memory might be how to ride a bicycle. In the following experiments we're going to test your short term memory and see what affects it. Have fun!"
"You hear a phone number on the radio as you are driving home from work and begin repeating it over and over so you can call when you get home and get your carpets cleaned for 20% off. However, as you are saying the numbers out loud, your friend, in an endeavor to keep your carpets dirty, starts spouting out random numbers. Soon, the number is gone, completely out of your head. This is the phenomenon known as interference. Just like the name implies, interference is an event that prevents you from remembering specific things. But there are different types of interference, and they vary in their destructive effect. To demonstrate this, try the following experiments. When you are finished, click the done button."
5o. Teste: Short Term Memory Encoding and Rehearsal
"Is it easier to remember words, pictures, or sounds? This experiment is trying to show you how different types of information sticks in your head. So, let's say you're trying to remember a word. Psychologists think that you would repeat the word in order to memorize it. So, does it make a difference whether its a picture, word, or sound? That's for you to figure out -- it's time to go to the first experiment. Have fun, and good luck!"
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